#8 - Martin Van Buren, 1837-1841

Today is March 4, the date on which presidents used to be inaugurated. A trivia note, which we will see in week 32 - this president was the last to be inaugurated on March 4 and the first to be inaugurated on January 20.

It is also the date on which the citizens of Texas, Ohio, Vermont, and are voting for president. And John McCain has secured enough delegates to win the Republican nomination. As for his opponent . . . will it be another from New York? Or a fresh face from Illinois.

Martin Van Buren, nicknamed "Old Kinderhook" for his home town,was our first president from the Empire State, New York. He came to power in the New York State political machine and was spotted by Andrew Jackson, who pulled him into his cabinet as, wait for it, yep, Secretary of State.

Conflicts grew between Van Buren and Jackson's Vice President, John C. Calhoun. Van Buren resigned, hoping to get others to resign from the cabinet, allowing Jackson to appoint a new cabinet. Jackson then tapped Van Buren to serve as Minister to Great Britain, but his appointment was denied by Calhoun and others in the Senate. Jackson got his revenge by making Van Buren his Vice President and then getting him elected as his successor.

In one of the first occasions of "It's the Economy, Stupid," Van Buren's administration was characterized primarily from the "Panic of 1837," which nearly put the country into a severe depression. The Panic had largely been caused as a result of the Second Bank Crisis, which had come out of the Jackson administration.

As the economic crisis worsened, the only other issue to affect Van Buren's tenure was the annexation of Texas. Van Buren opposed the annexation for it would have brought the slavery issue to the forefront again.

After being defeated in 1840, Van Buren returned to Lindenwald, his New York estate, to plan his return to the White House. He went to the convention in 1844 with a majority of the delegates but not a two-thirds majority. The nomination went instead to James K. Polk, of which we will hear more about in three weeks. Van Buren tried a third time for the presidency, running in 1848 as the Free Soil candidate. His candidacy and the votes he took in New York State likely gave the election to Zachary Taylor.

The Facts

• Born December 5, 1782 in Kinderhook, New York
• Died July 24, 1862 in Kinderhook, New York, age 79
• Party: Democrat
  

Trivia

• Martin Van Buren was the first president born after the creation of the United States and as a result, the first "American" president.
• Van Buren was a widower as President, his wife had died in 1819.
• Van Buren holds the record for the second shortest tenure of Governor of New York. He was elected in November 1828, to take office in January 1829. He was appointed as Secretary of State in March.
• His nickname, "Old Kinderhook," abbreviated OK, led to the rise of OK as a word to signify assent and acceptance.
• He was the only the second vice president to be elected to immediately succeed the president under whom he had served (George H. W. Bush is the second).
• If you like the number eight, here's the one for you: He was the eighth president, the eighth vice president and lived to see the election of eight different presidents from eight different states.

Links

• White House Biography
• Miller Center Biography
• Internet Public Library biography
• Congressional Biographical Dictionary
• C-SPAN Biography
• Biographical information from Kinderhook, New York
  
• Wikipedia
• Lindenwald, the Van Buren estate (yes, I've been there)